The lost civilizations

THE LEGEND OF EL DORADO

In 1534 a ship full of gold arrived in the port of Seville, Spain, and it caused astonishment throughout Europe: it was the transfer of a huge booty of war – about 10 tons of gold and 70 tons of silver – that the conquistador Francisco Pizarro had partly looted and partly extorted from the people of Peru as a ransom for their king, the Inca Atahualpa (who will be killed later by the Spanish). The cargo consisted of heavy gold and silver ingots produced in the foundries of the New World, as all jewelry and objects that belonged to the royal treasure of the Incas were merged to facilitate the transportation, thereby destroying a cultural and artistic heritage of inestimable value. The view of the richness that came from the newly conquered lands fueled the legend that beyond the ocean should be located El Dorado, a region where the gold flowed, yet to be explored.

The legend on the abundance of gold, however, contained an element of truth if we believe the stories of some ancient chroniclers who had been informed by the natives about an amazing ceremonial used by the Muisca in Colombia: once a year the ruler of Guatavita grew sprinkle his body with gold dust to become the Dorado, the man all gold, who went along with his court on a lake near Santafe de Bogotá (the current capital of Colombia) and here, sailing on a raft full of precious gifts, offered his treasure to the gods. For centuries, explorers have pursued the mirage of El Dorado, sifting along the western forests of the Amazon: the country was never found, even if the booty was rich in artefacts, sculptures and jewelry, all readily melted in cauldrons. Only at the end of the last century it was realized the preciousness of the pre-Columbian goldsmiths and in 1892, 400 years after the discovery of the Americas, for the first time in Europe the treasures that had been saved from the foundries were shown.

The first expedition that started the legend was that of the conquistadors Hernán Cortés, he conquered the Aztec capital, Tenochtitlan. During his expeditions he learned of a ritual, performed on the banks of a salt lake, a mythical city covered with gold. In this ritual it was told of a priest said Zipa who was covered with gold dust, reached the center of the lake by boat and then dipped in salt water. Meanwhile, the faithful threw from the shore overhangs sacred mostly gold. Then the natives told him that if he would have continued on his route he would come to the Emerald City. Thus the legend began, and as soon as the Spanish heard the word gold, began a bloody expedition. For this reason El Dorado soon became the search for the golden city that attracted hundreds of explorers into a stream that can be placed between 1516 and 1611. In parallel with the shipments, the legend took obsessive dimensions, making also miss the point of view of geography of the city. It was initially located in the region of Mexico, then it was moved across South America, until the Inca Empire. We can name the most important adventurers, of course, after Cortés, Ambrosius, Dalfinger, Nicolaus, Federmann, Sebastian De Belalcazar, Walter Raleigh. They did not find the gold city, but at least they contributed to explore the dense forests of the Amazon, still largely unexplored. The myth of El Dorado still persists today, who does not like to believe that there is a wonderful city, perhaps even inhabited, source of incredible riches and wisdom remained hidden to us?

This will also be a legend which was born from greed of the Spanish, but if it survived until today there will be some reason.

AGHARTA AND THE “HOLLOW EARTH”

Theories that could explain the existence of a subterranean civilization are ancient, but unlike other scientific studies documented as ufology, the contactism, parapsychology, archeology mysterious and ancient astronaut, just to name a few, there are very few books and very little documentation about this topic.

The ancient Tibetan monks, as well as the American Indians, some aboriginal peoples in Africa especially Nigeria and Mali, the ancient Scandinavians, the Sumerians, some Mayas of Central America and many other ancient peoples told of a powerful and hidden subterranean civilization commonly called “Agartha”.

It would take advantage of some subterranean cavities of underground natural land, and some cavities built with very advanced technologies, designed to host cities and residential areas and populated not only by humans but also by other races, such as reptiles and humanoids of metabolism different from ours. There would be also animals and plants, and for the sustenance of life and work activities could exist appropriate energy sources, partly natural, that is obtained directly from the Earth as lava deposits of sulfur and boiling hydrocarbons of various types, minerals, coal, fluorspar , silica and other substances in the subsurface of which our planet is rich.

But there would be also artificial sources of energy, called “vril” and whose origins are mysterious, as well as some ultraviolet radiation heat sources that emit hot-pink fuchsia radiation and suitable to grow plants and vegetation spontaneous in special cavities. These energies provide light and warmth to the underground areas, and would be used in limitless and free amounts, as these energies are quite natural. One of them may be fluorspar, a mineral of green luminescence, which is in the underground caverns of the Earth, and that the witnesses of this civilization have noticed on several occasions.

Between the nineteenth and twentieth century in Europe and the United States the idea of the existence of a subterranean civilization was called “hollow Earth”, and there was more than one investigator of the time that he became interested in this fascinating and mysterious theory . Adolph Hitler was even obsessed, to the point that he organized during the Second World War, some military expeditions across Europe, including Italy, in search of  passages to the subterranean civilization, without success, except for exploration in Czechoslovakia where, according to the soldiers witnesses, they would find a large and deep gallery, but after noticing a strong light coming towards them, they have fled.

First, the global network of Agarthans tunnels would be a huge and extensive gallery arranged in a circle in the northern hemisphere, and it branches out a series of tunnels, at different levels, which would then be directly related to the Earth’s surface and the oceans.

The main locations of this main gallery would be placed beneath the surface of the following territories: Tibet, which Shamballa should be the capital, located several hundred meters below the surface of the Himalayas. The tunnel continues in south-west direction towards the northern part of India, and exactly in Kashmir and then in succession: Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea, Egypt, Libya, Chad, Nigeria, Ghana, Guinea , Sierra Leone, Atlantic Ocean, Brazilian Amazon, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Mexico, California, western United States, Canada, Alaska, Bering Strait, Russia, Siberia, Mongolia, China and then closed again in Nepal to Tibet Shambhala.

Another main direction of these tunnels would be located under the Chilean cordillera  of the Andes, which from the South  Peru  ends up in Patagonia and Antarctica, and from which they presumably continue in the Southern Ocean, Indian Ocean, Indonesia and even India for then rejoin the main route to the north. Other routes would be located everywhere in the Amazon and Brazil, Agarthans defined by researchers as an extraordinary and complex system of tunnels leading all over central America, especially in Mexico and Belize.

The writer and ufologist Alfredo Lissoni explicitly mentions in his book “The shadow government” of a possible correlation between this hypothetical civilization and an occult underground power, called “Synarchy”. Here choices of the destinies of the surface civilization would be decided without our knowledge. This correlation would be completely hidden from public opinion, while some of the politicians and government officials of all people would directly or indirectly part of the secret organization. The Essenes, the Knights Templar, the Rosicrucians, Freemasons and many other sects would always connected with the Synarchy.

Paglialunga Constantino, in his book: “Discovering the Inner Earth,” writes:

You can access the inner world through regular circular openings that are formed at the poles, or through other parts of the world (including Italy) or by special “dimensional gates.”

The names of the underground continents evoke memories of legendary places, for always erroneously looking for on the surface, but never reached: Agartha which is located under the northern hemisphere of the Earth, Eldorado, located to the south and Shamballah, which expands under the Himalayas and over.

The book gives special emphasis to the thought of Eugenio Siragusa, who played a major role in this regard and said that the Hollow Earth would host the descendants of the survivors of Atlantis and Mù as well as many aliens.

Subterranean people, especially the residents of Eldorado have secretly expressed from time, to the major world government leaders, their extreme concern over the disastrous situation in which we find ourselves as a result of wars, pollution, greed, selfishness and wrong use of atomic energy, but they have not been heard.

Their message, at this point, has become one: “Change, until you have time …”.

Alec Maclellan is a writer who was born in London. He became interested in the legend of the Hollow Earth in the late seventies, combining travels and explorations with the consultation of ancient documents and unusual esoteric volumes that he found in the most important European and American libraries. Published in several countries, “From Atlantis to Shamballah” became a best seller like mystery.

EASTER ISLAND

One of the world’s most famous yet least visited archaeological sites, Easter Island is a small, hilly, now treeless island of volcanic origin. Located in the Pacific Ocean at 27 degrees south of the equator and some 2200 miles (3600 kilometers) off the coast of Chile, it is considered to be the world’s most remote inhabited island. Sixty-three square miles in size and with three extinct volcanoes, the island is, technically speaking, a single massive volcano rising over ten thousand feet from the Pacific Ocean floor. The oldest known traditional name of the island is Te Pito o Te Henua, meaning ‘The Center of the World’. In the 1860’s Tahitian sailors gave the island the name Rapa Nui, meaning ‘Great Rapa,’ due to its resemblance to another island in Polynesia called Rapa Iti meaning ‘Little Rapa’. The island received its most well known current name, Easter Island, from the Dutch sea captain Jacob Roggeveen who became the first European to visit on Easter Sunday, April 5, 1722.

 

In the early 1950s, the Norwegian explorer Thor Heyerdahl popularized the idea that the island had been originally settled by advanced societies of Indians from the coast of South America. Extensive archaeological, ethnographic and linguistic research has conclusively shown this hypothesis to be inaccurate. It is now recognized that the original inhabitants of Easter Island are of Polynesian stock (DNA extracts from skeletons have confirmed this), that they most probably came from the Marquesas or Society islands, and that they arrived as early as 318 AD (carbon dating of reeds from a grave confirms this). It is estimated that the original colonists, who may have been lost at sea, arrived in only a few canoes and numbered fewer than 100. At the time of their arrival, much of the island was forested, was teeming with land birds, and was perhaps the most productive breeding site for seabirds in the Polynesia region. Because of the plentiful bird, fish and plant food sources, the human population grew and gave rise to a rich religious and artistic culture.

That culture’s most famous features are its enormous stone statues called moai, at least 288 of which once stood upon massive stone platforms called ahu. There are some 250 of these ahu platforms spaced approximately one half mile apart and creating an almost unbroken line around the perimeter of the island. Another 600 moai statues, in various stages of completion, are scattered around the island, either in quarries or along ancient roads between the quarries and the coastal areas where the statues were most often erected. Nearly all the moai are carved from the tough stone of the Rano Raraku volcano. The average statue is 14 feet, 6 inches tall and weighs 14 tons. Some moai were as large as 33 feet and weighed more than 80 tons (one statue only partially quarried from the bedrock was 65 feet long and would have weighed an estimated 270 tons). Depending upon the size of the statues, it has been estimated that between 50 and 150 people were needed to drag them across the countryside on sleds and rollers made from the island’s trees.

The moai and ahu were in use as early as AD 500, the majority were carved and erected between AD 1000 and 1650, and they were still standing when Jacob Roggeveen visited the island in 1722. Recent research has shown that certain statue sites, particularly the most important ones with great ahu platforms, were periodically ritually dismantled and reassembled with ever-larger statues. A small number of the moai were once capped with ‘crowns’ or ‘hats’ of red volcanic stone. The meaning and purpose of these capstones is not known, but archaeologists have suggested that the moai thus marked were of pan-island ritual significance or perhaps sacred to a particular clan.

 

Scientifics are unable to definitively explain the function and use of the moai statues. It is assumed that their carving and erection derived from an idea rooted in similar practices found elsewhere in Polynesia, but which evolved in a unique way on Easter Island. Archaeological and iconographic analysis indicates that the statue cult was based on an ideology of male, lineage-based authority incorporating anthropomorphic symbolism. The statues were thus symbols of authority and power, both religious and political. But they were not only symbols. To the people who erected and used them, they were actual repositories of sacred spirit. Carved stone and wooden objects in ancient Polynesian religions, when properly fashioned and ritually prepared, were believed to be charged by a magical spiritual essence called mana. The ahu platforms of Easter Island were the sanctuaries of the people of Rapa Nui, and the moai statues were the ritually charged sacred objects of those sanctuaries. While the statues have been toppled and re-erected over the centuries, the mana or spiritual presence of Rapa Nui is still strongly present at the ahu sites and atop the sacred volcanoes.

Mystery surrounds the purpose of the ahu platforms and moai statues but even more perplexing mysteries have begun to surface from the research of scholars outside the boundaries of conventional archaeology. As previously mentioned, orthodox archaeologists believe that Easter Island was initially settled sometime around 318 AD by a small group of Polynesians lost on the open sea. Other scholars, however, have suggested that the tiny island may have once been part of far larger island and that the original discovery and use of the site may be many thousands of years earlier in time (it is known, for example, that Melanesians were journeying around the Pacific in boats as early as 5500 BC).

 

Three researchers in particular, Graham Hancock, Colin Wilson and Rand Flem-Ath, believe that Easter Island was an important node in a global grid of sacred geography that predates the great floods of archaic times. Easter Island, writes Graham Hancock, is “part of a massive subterranean escarpment called the East Pacific Rise, which reaches almost to the surface at several points. Twelve thousand years ago, when the great ice caps of the last glaciation were still largely unmelted, and sea-level was 100 meters lower than it is today, the Rise would have formed a chain of steep and narrow antediluvian islands, as long as the Andes mountain range.”

Besides its more well known name of Rapa Nui, Easter Island is also known as Te-Pito-O-Te-Henua, meaning ‘The Navel of the World’, and as Mata-Ki-Te-Rani, meaning ‘Eyes Looking at Heaven’. These ancient names, and a host of mythological details ignored by mainstream archaeologists, point to the possibility that the remote island may once have been a geodetic marker and the site of an astronomical observatory of a long forgotten civilization. Speculations about this shadowy antediluvian culture include the notion that its mariners had charted the world’s oceans, that its astronomers had sophisticated knowledge of long-term astronomical cycles such as precession and commentary orbits, and that its historians had records of previous global cataclysms and the destruction they caused of even more ancient civilizations.

 

In the latter years of the 20th century and the first years of the 21st century various writers and scientists have advanced theories regarding the rapid decline of Easter Island’s magnificent civilization prior to the time of the first European contact. Principal among these theories is that postulated by Jared Diamond in his book Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Survive.

Jared Diamond explains that a few centuries after Easter Island’s initial colonization the resource needs of the growing population had begun to outpace the island’s capacity to renew itself ecologically. By the 1400s the forests had been entirely cut, the rich ground cover had eroded away, the springs had dried up, and the vast flocks of birds coming to roost on the island had disappeared. With no logs to build canoes for offshore fishing, with depleted bird and wildlife food sources, and with declining crop yields because of the erosion of good soil, the nutritional intake of the people plummeted. First famine, then cannibalism, set in. Because the island could no longer feed the chiefs, bureaucrats and priests who kept the complex society running, the resulting chaos triggered a social and cultural collapse. By 1700 the population dropped to between one-quarter and one-tenth of its former number, and many of the statues were toppled during supposed “clan wars” of the 1600 and 1700’s. The social and cultural collapse continued following the arrival of the Europeans, particularly the slavers who raped and murdered the islanders, introduced small pox and other diseases, and brutally removed the natives to mainland South America.

THE ENTRANCES OF AGHARTI

After the disaster, the surviving men there was nothing left to do but to sail towards the closest coasts, therefore, from Atlantis, they emigrated to America (giving rise to people such as the Aztecs and the Indians of the north), to Scandinavia (from which the Germanic peoples  would descend), to England (druids were the protagonists of a kind of continuation of the Atlantean culture), to Italy (Etruscans, whose origins have always been unknown, could be direct descendants of the men of Atlantis), to the north Africa coasts (as mentioned above, seven wise men arrived by sea and founded the Egyptian civilization), to Mesopotamia (Sumerians may have been direct descendants of the Atlanteans, do not forget that Gilgamesh was a demigod) and to many other places …

The entrances to the tunnels that lead to Shamballah, the capital of this kingdom, are hidden in strategic and isolated places to prevent access to the curious people.

There could be many hidden entrances beneath the waters of the oceans, lakes, or between the slopes in high mountains. There would be some in Brazil, in the dense forest that surrounds the Amazon (whose entrances would be protected by Indian with unfriendly attitudes), or Siberia, the Gobi Desert.

There would be even an entrance, still untouched, just a few meters deep, between the legs of the Sphinx in Egypt. The connection between this world and Atlantis also demonstrates some evidence, such as, for example, the fact that thirteen Egyptian hieroglyphs are similar in form and meaning to thirteen Mayan hieroglyphics and the fact that there are elephants depicted on the ancient rocks of the center America, animals that are unknown there.

Atlantis may has been the connection between these two great kingdoms. In addition, the similarity between certain aspects of Egyptian religion and that of the American peoples is striking. Garcilaso, the son of a Spanish conquistador and an American Indian, moved to Spain in the early ‘500s  and set up a well-stocked library. He wrote the following to the Treaties on which he revalued  the religion of the Incas, even comparing it to the Neoplatonism of Europeans. He emphasized the fact that, as the ancient peoples of the Mediterranean, the Incas worshiped the sun disk.

But, this is not the only analogy. It is known, for example, that the practice of mummification was typical of the Egyptians as well as of the Aztecs, or the Maya. If  we also look at the architecture of these people, we see how it was common pyramid shape in the ancient world, both in America and in Egypt. Is it  just a coincidence? No, Atlantis still survived for centuries and centuries, in the culture of these ancient peoples and future generations. It perhaps  survived even in chivalrous novels about King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table. After his death, King Arthur was transported on the legendary island of Avalon, from which he will return one day.

THE LEGEND OF AGHARTI

According to Hindu tradition, there is a large underground kingdom called Agharti (in Sanskrit language “the inaccessible”). Here, the King of the World would live, who, from Shamballah, the capital of this great mythical place, dominates the minds of the great, kings, emperors and presidents from around the world.

Shamballah, which should be located deep beneath the Gobi desert in Asia, is the only center of this great kingdom, which should extend through a vast network of tunnels under the entire surface of the globe, linking the different continents.

Agharti is this, a very extensive network of underground tunnels. But the legend also tells us that not everyone is granted access. Only some selected people can go there, under direct “spiritual” call of the King of the World. Madame Blavatsky, a medium who founded the Theosophical Society in the early ‘900, was one of these people that had such an honor. She was one of the first in the West to talk about Agharti. She had the honor of visiting the underworld and return to the surface to tell about her adventure. But she was not the only one. Dante Alighieri was probably one of those selected people and the “Divine Comedy” was not just a figment of his imagination, but a trip really made​​, probably fictionalized by the author not to reveal too clearly what he had seen. In fact, an aura of secrecy hangs over this interesting myth.

Several people have tried to reach Agharti, but it is very difficult, if not impossible, to access it when you are not invited. This work, more than once, only led to death. Even Adolf Hitler was interested in this myth and sent four shipments in Asia.

None of them have ever returned. Only the last one was able to find the galleries and to notify it to the Fuhrer, before vanishing into thin air also.

In 1947, Richard Evelyn Byrd, an American admiral in exploration of the South Pole, found by chance traces of this civilization and played an important contact with the locals (described in his diary), who presented themselves to him with the name “Arianni “. These showed themselves concerned about our race, because, the first nuclear bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki for a short time had been detonated. There were also other people who accidentally found an entrance to Agharti, but in most cases, or they didn’t return, or they returned with his tongue cut off, so they wasn’t able to reveal what they have seen. We also have the diary of another explorer who found an entrance to the legendary network of tunnels in the Amazon rainforest. This entrance was located near a valley where there were tall columns on top of which were placed large balls capable of emitting a perennial light. But he was not allowed to access it, due to the hostility of a mysterious tribe of savage Indians pygmies and of two keepers of the entrance to the underworld.

The mystery of Agharti thickens even more.

Around the twelfth / thirteenth century, it talks about a legendary Prester John, the ruler of an equally legendary kingdom, placed, according to the different versions, in Asia, in Ethiopia or in Africa …

According to the story, this king was an epistolary correspondence with some important people of that tima, such as the Byzantine Manuel Comnenus, and he would command a large army. In his world, there would be, among other wonders, the fountain of youth … But this story always remained shrouded in mystery and legend and never found confirmation.

Genghis Khan, the great Mongol ruler in the thirteenth century, it is said, even received a gift from the King of the World. Will there ever be this great kingdom? For many, Shamballah is none other than a world of peace where you can truly be one with the universe, away from the constraints of modern society. Shamballah is a return to the beginning, when the man was at one with nature and the “whole”. Therefore, it takes on a more spiritual meaning. But of course, no one can yet say what Agharti is: reality or just a utopia, a charming fantasy.